英语句子成分分析详细-句子
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1、 Step one: Reviewing Test: 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 主 语 谓 语 定 语 宾 语 同 位 语 状 语 句子成分 定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分 。句子成分有 主要成分 和 次要成分 ； 主要成分 ：主语和谓语 次要成分 ：宾语、定语、状语、补足语、 表语、同位语 主语（ subject） 句子说明的人或事物；句子动作的执行者 Jane is good at playin
2、g the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To go for a travelling to Paris is my dream. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true. （名词） （代词） （数词） （不定式） （动名词） （名词化的形容词） （句子） 找出句中主语 The sun rises in the east. Twenty years is a short time
3、in history. The poor are now living in the shelter. Seeing is believing. To go for a travelling to Paris is my dream. He likes dancing. What he needs is a book. It was interesting to learn about the Wolong Reserve （名词） （代词） （数词） （动名词） （不定式） （句子） (名词化的形容词） （ It形式主语，不定式才是真正主语） 谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征 简单谓语 由
4、动词 或 动词词组 组成；放于主语后 I saw the flag on the top of the hill. He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语 由 情态动词或助动词 动词 ; He can speak English well. She doesnt seem to like dancing Show your passport, please. She didnt say anything. How many do you want? - I want two. They sent the injured to hospital. They aske
5、d to see my passport. I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said? （名词 ） ( 代词） (数词 ) (名词化的形容词 ) (三 )宾语 动作的对象或承受者 及物动词或介词的宾语 （不定式） （动名词） （句子） 宾语分为 直接宾语 和 间接宾语 .直接宾语指 物或事 ,间接宾语指人或动物 . He gave me some books. 间接 宾语 直接 宾语 please pass me the book. He bought his girlfriend some flowers. （四）表语
6、 在 系动词 后的部分就是表语 1. The war was over. 2. They seem to know the truth. 3. Time is precious. 4. Im not quite myself today. (be not oneself) 5. That remains a puzzle. 6. I dont feel at ease. 不舒服；身体不佳 （副词） （不定式） （形容词） （反身代词） （名词） （介词短语） 系动词 1） 状态系动词 （ be动词） （是 ） 例如： He is a teacher. 2） 持续系动词 （保持 ） keep,
7、remain, stay, lie, stand, rest; 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。 3） 表像系动词 （似乎、好像 ） seem, appear; 例如： He seems (to be) tired. 他好像很累。 4） 感官系动词 feel, smell, sound, taste, look 例如： This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很软。 注意：系动词不用于被动语态 . 5） 变化系动词 （变得 ） bee, grow, turn, fall, get,
8、go, e, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。 6） 终止系动词 prove, turn out, 表达 “证实 ”， “变成 ”之意 例如： The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。 （五）定语 修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句 He is a clever boy. His father works in a steel mill. There are 54students in our class. Do you know Bettys sister? He bought some sleeping
9、 pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. (形容词 ) (名词 ) (数词 ) (名词的所有格 ) (动名词 ) (现在分词 ) (过去分词 ) 定语后置： 如果定语是由 一个单词 表示时，通常要前置。 而由 一个词组或一个句子 表示时，通常则后置 The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the
10、man who spoke just now? （定语从句） （六）状语 状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、 结果、条件、方式、让步、程度和伴随状语等。 I will be back in a while. (soon) (时间状 ) They are playing on the playground. （地点状） He was late because he got up late. （原因状） He got up so late that I missed the train. （结果状） I waited to see you. （目的状） He often went to
11、school by bus. （方式状） His parents died, leaving him an orphan. （结果状） Please call me if (it is) necessary. （条件状） This book is very interesting. （程度状） He went to school in spite of his illness. （让步状） I found the book interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. （七）宾语补足语 有
12、些 及物动词 除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾 语补足语，跟在宾语后，说明宾语的身份、状态以补充 其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。 这类常用的及物动词有 ： make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let. 宾 宾补 She asked me to lend her a hand. （八）同位语 位于名词或代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况 We young people should respect the old. He himself will do the experiment. He is the oldest among them four. He told me the news that our team won the game. 名词 代词 数词 从句 同学们： 英语句子成分，你掌握了吗？
